Changes in soybean cultivars released over the past 50 years in southern Brazil

Changes in soybean cultivars released over the past 50 years in southern Brazil

On-farm soybean yield has increased considerably in the last 50 years in southern Brazil, but there is still little information about how selection and breeding for yield increase has changed the agronomic attributes of cultivars. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the changes in soybean...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports Vol. 12; no. 1; p. 508
Main Authors: Umburanas, Renan Caldas, Kawakami, Jackson, Ainsworth, Elizabeth Anna, Favarin, José Laércio, Anderle, Leonardo Zabot, Dourado-Neto, Durval, Reichardt, Klaus
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 11-01-2022
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects:
631/208/8
631/449/711
Agricultural production
Crop yield
Cultivars
Growing season
Humanities and Social Sciences
Lodging
multidisciplinary
Oils & fats
Oilseeds
Plant breeding
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Seeds
Soybeans
Brazil
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Summary:On-farm soybean yield has increased considerably in the last 50 years in southern Brazil, but there is still little information about how selection and breeding for yield increase has changed the agronomic attributes of cultivars. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the changes in soybean yield, seed oil and protein concentration, and changes in plant attributes that might be associated with yield improvement of 26 soybean cultivars released over the past 50 years in southern Brazil, sown simultaneously in a common field environment for two growing seasons. The average rate of yield gain was 45.9 kg ha −1  yr −1 (2.1% ha −1  yr −1 ), mainly due increased seed number per area and harvest index. Over year of cultivar release, cultivars became less susceptible to lodging, as well as plant mortality reduced. Meanwhile, the seed oil concentration increased, and seed protein concentration decreased, which could have negative consequences for soybeans use and requires further attention for breeding of future cultivars. Breeders have successfully contributed to the annual rate of soybean yield increase in southern Brazil. By our results, as well as the official on-farm production data, there is no evidence of soybean yield reaching a plateau in the near future in southern Brazil.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
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ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-04043-8