Survival of Corn Earworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Bt Maize and Cross-Pollinated Refuge Ears from Seed Blends

Refuge is mandated in the United States where genetically modified maize (Zea mays L.) expressing insecticidal proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) are cultivated. Currently, refuge is deployed in different ways including blocks, field strips, or seed blends containing Bt and n...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of economic entomology Vol. 109; no. 1; pp. 288 - 298
Main Authors:	Barreto Crespo, André Luiz, Alves, Analiza Piovesan, Wang, Yiwei, Hong, Bonnie, Flexner, John Lindsey, Catchot, Angus, Buntin, David, Cook, Donald
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Entomological Society of America 01-02-2016 Oxford University Press
Subjects:	Animals Bacillus thuringiensis - genetics Bt gene Computer simulation Corn Cross-pollination Ear Genetic modification Genetically engineered organisms Helicoverpa zea Hemolysin Proteins - genetics Hemolysin Proteins - pharmacology Insecticide Resistance INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE AND RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT Insecticides - pharmacology Insects Larva - drug effects Larva - growth & development Larvae Lepidoptera Moths - drug effects Moths - growth & development Pest Control, Biological Plants, Genetically Modified - genetics Plants, Genetically Modified - physiology Pollination refuge in a bag seed blend Seeds Sensitivity analysis Survival Zea mays Zea mays - genetics Zea mays - physiology United States > US cross-pollination seed blend refuge in a bag Helicoverpa zea
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Summary:	Refuge is mandated in the United States where genetically modified maize (Zea mays L.) expressing insecticidal proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) are cultivated. Currently, refuge is deployed in different ways including blocks, field strips, or seed blends containing Bt and non-Bt maize. Seed blends provide practical advantages for refuge implementation. However, concerns related to the movement of insect larvae, potential differential survival of heterozygous resistant larvae, reduction in insect production, and cross-pollination of ears resulting in sublethal selection, have delayed seed blend use for Lepidoptera in the southern United States, where maize plantings are used as refuge for Helicoverpa zea (Boddie). In this study, we evaluated the relative survival of H. zea in Bt events and in seed blends compared with pure stand refuge and the relative survival of H. zea on the individual components of the pyramid 1507xMON810xMIR162. The results showed variation on the production of H. zea in refuge plants from seed blends compared with pure stand refuge plants. The relative survival of H. zea on the events 1507, MON810, MIR162, and 1507xMON810xMIR162 ranked similarly across the three locations tested. These results can be used in computer simulation modeling efforts to evaluate the feasibility of seed blends as a refuge deployment strategy with the pyramid 1507xMON810xMIR162. Because the reduction on survival of H. zea due to blending was variable, a sensitivity analysis that includes all possible scenarios of reduction in survival should be considered.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0022-0493 1938-291X
DOI:	10.1093/jee/tov272