Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics and Determinants of Unsuccessful Treatment Outcomes Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients: A 5-Year Registry-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics and Determinants of Unsuccessful Treatment Outcomes Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients: A 5-Year Registry-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Despite the existence of effective medications, pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a significant global public health concern, The evaluation and feedback of national TB control programs are crucial, requiring diligent monitoring of TB treatment outcomes and analysis of the factors influencing the...

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Published in:Patient related outcome measures Vol. 15; pp. 187 - 198
Main Authors: AlOsaimi, Hind M, Alshammari, Mohammed K, Almijlad, Ghadah K, Alotaibi, Nawaf M, Alqahtani, Dhafer A, Alshamrani, Mohammed M, Shutur, Tariq A, Alhazmi, Mansior F, Hurubi, Mohammed A, ALShammari, Kutayd S, Alzahrani, Khalid M, Aldaghriri, Hadeel M, Alshammari, Anood A, Alatawi, Oudah S, Alharbi, Reema A
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New Zealand Dove Medical Press Limited 31-05-2024
Dove
Dove Medical Press
Subjects:
Drug therapy
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Original Research
Patient compliance
Patient outcomes
Pulmonary tuberculosis
Respiratory agents
retrospective study
saudi arabia
treatment outcomes
tuberculosis
Saudi Arabia
India
Saudi Arabia
treatment outcomes
retrospective study
tuberculosis
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Summary:Despite the existence of effective medications, pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a significant global public health concern, The evaluation and feedback of national TB control programs are crucial, requiring diligent monitoring of TB treatment outcomes and analysis of the factors influencing these outcomes. This study aims to provide valuable insights into the challenges faced by TB patients, which can inform better strategies for treatment and management in the future. We conducted a study in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2023. The study was a registry-based retrospective cohort study. Patients' data were sourced from the National Tuberculosis Registry database of Saudi Arabia. Treatment outcomes were determined as either success or failure, considering clinical evaluation, changes in chest X-rays, and the results of subsequent sputum examinations during follow-up. To evaluate the data, SPSS version 28.0 was used. A total of 427 PTB patients participated in the study. The results show successful treatment outcomes among 88.5% of patients. Among the patients, males exhibited a higher likelihood of treatment failure as compared to females (aOR 1.3; 95%Cl 1.2-1.5, p < 0.001). Patients with positive sputum smear (aOR 1.3; 95%Cl 1.1-1.3 p < 0.00) and the presence of cough were associated with an increased risk of treatment failure (aOR1.5; 95%Cl 1.1-1.4, p < 0.001). This study shows that the percentage of unsuccessful treatment outcomes is high, ie, 11.5%, due to patients' deaths and loss to follow-up. Enhanced supervision and treatment monitoring for tuberculosis patients at high risk of treatment failure can lead to improved treatment success rates in Saudi Arabia.
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ISSN:1179-271X
1179-271X
DOI:10.2147/PROM.S463396