Comparative GC Analysis, Bronchodilator Effect and the Detailed Mechanism of Their Main Component—Cinnamaldehyde of Three Cinnamon Species

Comparative GC Analysis, Bronchodilator Effect and the Detailed Mechanism of Their Main Component—Cinnamaldehyde of Three Cinnamon Species

Cinnamon is one of the most commonly used spices worldwide. In some Arab countries, cinnamon is used with other ingredients to relieve bronchospasm and treatment of airways-related disorders. In the current study, GC, GC-MS and tracheal relaxant effect comparison were performed using the three avail...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Separations Vol. 10; no. 3; p. 198
Main Authors: Rehman, Najeeb Ur, Albaqami, Faisal F, Salkini, Mohammad Ayman A, Farahat, Noureldin M, Alharbi, Hatim H, Almuqrin, Saad M, Abdel-Kader, Maged S, Sherif, Asmaa E
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-03-2023
Subjects:
Aldehydes
bronchoconstriction
Chloride
Cinnamaldehyde
Cinnamon sp
Comparative analysis
Essential oils
Guinea pigs
KATP channel activator
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Oils & fats
Pharmaceutical industry
Potassium
Respiratory diseases
Respiratory tract diseases
Sodium
Spices
Thymus gland
Saudi Arabia
Vietnam
United States
Sri Lanka
United States > US
Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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Summary:Cinnamon is one of the most commonly used spices worldwide. In some Arab countries, cinnamon is used with other ingredients to relieve bronchospasm and treatment of airways-related disorders. In the current study, GC, GC-MS and tracheal relaxant effect comparison were performed using the three available types in Saudi Arabia, Cinnamomum verum (Ceylon cinnamon), C. cassia (Chinese cinnamon) and C. loureiroi (Vietnamese cinnamon). The essential oil of C. verum was the most potent in the relaxation of guinea pig isolated tracheal muscles against carbachol (CCh, 1 uM)-evoked bronchospasm at the concentration range from 0.03 to 3 mg/mL followed by C. bureiroi at 0.03 to 5 mg/mL; whereas, C. cassia was the least potent oil. Cinnamaldehyde (1), isolated as the main component of the three oils induced complete relaxation of low K+ (25 mM)-evoked contractions, with mild effect on the contractions evoked by high K+ (80 mM). Pre-incubation of the tracheal tissues with glibenclamide (10 μM) significantly opposed the relaxation of low K+ by cinnamaldehyde. The standard drug, cromakalim also inserted glibenclamide-sensitive inhibition of low K+ without relaxing high K+. These results indicate that cinnamaldehyde acts predominantly by ATP-specific K+ channel opening followed by weak Ca++ antagonistic effects. The obtained results justify the medicinal value of cinnamon oil in respiratory disorders.
ISSN:2297-8739
2297-8739
DOI:10.3390/separations10030198