Genes, inflammatory response, tolerance, and resistance to virus infections in migratory birds, bats, and rodents

Normally, the host immunological response to viral infection is coordinated to restore homeostasis and protect the individual from possible tissue damage. The two major approaches are adopted by the host to deal with the pathogen: resistance or tolerance. The nature of the responses often differs be...

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Published in:	Frontiers in immunology Vol. 14; p. 1239572
Main Authors:	Pereira, Patrick Douglas Corrêa, Diniz, Daniel Guerreiro, da Costa, Emanuel Ramos, Magalhães, Nara Gyzely de Morais, da Silva, Anderson de Jesus Falcão, Leite, Jéssica Gizele Sousa, Almeida, Natan Ibraim Pires, Cunha, Kelle de Nazaré, de Melo, Mauro André Damasceno, Vasconcelos, Pedro Fernando da Costa, Diniz, José Antonio Picanço, Brites, Dora, Anthony, Daniel Clive, Diniz, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço, Guerreiro-Diniz, Cristovam
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A 29-08-2023
Subjects:	disease tolerance Immunology inflammatory response resistance sickness behavior virome
Online Access:	Get full text
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Summary:	Normally, the host immunological response to viral infection is coordinated to restore homeostasis and protect the individual from possible tissue damage. The two major approaches are adopted by the host to deal with the pathogen: resistance or tolerance. The nature of the responses often differs between species and between individuals of the same species. Resistance includes innate and adaptive immune responses to control virus replication. Disease tolerance relies on the immune response allowing the coexistence of infections in the host with minimal or no clinical signs, while maintaining sufficient viral replication for transmission. Here, we compared the virome of bats, rodents and migratory birds and the molecular mechanisms underlying symptomatic and asymptomatic disease progression. We also explore the influence of the host physiology and environmental influences on RNA virus expression and how it impacts on the whole brain transcriptome of seemingly healthy semipalmated sandpiper ( Calidris pusilla ) and spotted sandpiper ( Actitis macularius ). Three time points throughout the year were selected to understand the importance of longitudinal surveys in the characterization of the virome. We finally revisited evidence that upstream and downstream regulation of the inflammatory response is, respectively, associated with resistance and tolerance to viral infections.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 Reviewed by: Abhishek N. Prasad, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, United States; Anamika Mishra, ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (ICAR-NIHSAD), India These authors share first authorship Edited by: Alexander Bukreyev, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, United States
ISSN:	1664-3224 1664-3224
DOI:	10.3389/fimmu.2023.1239572