Evaluation of Biochemical Characteristics in a Retrospective Cohort of COVID-19 Patients

Evaluation of Biochemical Characteristics in a Retrospective Cohort of COVID-19 Patients

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a significant impact on global health and healthcare systems. This retrospective study aimed to assess the association between biochemical parameters and outcomes in COVID-19 patients in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. After establishing the inclusion criteria and ob...

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Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 16; no. 4; p. e58889
Main Authors: Jerah, Ahmed Ali, Farasani, Abdullah, Abu-Tawil, Hisham I, Kuriri, Hadi, Kuriri, Anwar, Alkhayrat, Mansour, Kariri, Kholood, Kariri, Sami Ali, Abdelwahab, Siddig I
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Cureus Inc 24-04-2024
Subjects:
Age groups
Clinical outcomes
Confidentiality
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Creatinine
Electronic health records
Ethics
Glucose
Hospitals
Kinases
Medical prognosis
Medical records
Mortality
Obesity
Overweight
Patients
Polymerase chain reaction
Saudi Arabia
saudi arabia
retrospective design
covid-19
biochemical parameters
principal components analysis
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Summary:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a significant impact on global health and healthcare systems. This retrospective study aimed to assess the association between biochemical parameters and outcomes in COVID-19 patients in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. After establishing the inclusion criteria and obtaining ethical approval, data from 156 reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 patients were collected from electronic medical records from a general hospital in Samtah, Jazan, from April 2020 to October 2021. The collected data included patient demographics and liver, kidney, heart, and electrolyte function marker levels. Descriptive, inferential, and principal component analyses were conducted. Survival rates varied according to age and body mass index (BMI). Statistical analysis demonstrated that the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), sodium (Na), potassium (K), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), creatine kinase (CK), CK myocardial band (MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the reference values, as assessed using the one-sample t-test. Principal component analysis (PCA) also revealed an underlying pattern in the variation of these biochemical markers. These findings suggest that certain biochemical parameters may serve as useful indicators for monitoring the condition of COVID-19 patients. This retrospective study in Jazan, Saudi Arabia highlights the association between biochemical parameters and outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Elevated levels of markers of liver, kidney, heart, and electrolyte function suggest organ damage and dysregulation. The pattern identified through PCA provides insights into disease severity. Monitoring these parameters may serve as valuable indicators for assessing COVID-19 patients. Further research is needed to validate these findings, explore their potential for personalized treatment strategies, and improve patient outcomes during the ongoing pandemic.
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ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.58889