Progeny fitness determines the performance of the parasitoid Therophilus javanus, a prospective biocontrol agent against the legume pod borer

Progeny fitness determines the performance of the parasitoid Therophilus javanus, a prospective biocontrol agent against the legume pod borer

Therophilus javanus (Bhat & Gupta) is an exotic larval endoparasitoid newly imported from Asia into Africa as a classical biological control agent against the pod borer Maruca vitrata (Fabricius). The parasitoid preference for the five larval instars of M. vitrata and their influence on progeny...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports Vol. 11; no. 1; p. 8990
Main Authors: Aboubakar Souna, Djibril, Bokonon-Ganta, Aimé Hippolyte, Ravallec, Marc, Alizannon, Mesmin, Srinivasan, Ramasamy, Pittendrigh, Barry Robert, Volkoff, Anne-Nathalie, Tamò, Manuele
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 26-04-2021
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects:
631/158/2455
631/158/2456
631/158/856
Biological control
Borers
Developmental stages
Ectoparasites
Endoparasites
Females
Herbivores
Humanities and Social Sciences
Instars
Legumes
Life Sciences
Mass rearing
multidisciplinary
Offspring
Oviposition
Parasitoids
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Sex ratio
Therophilus javanus
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Summary:Therophilus javanus (Bhat & Gupta) is an exotic larval endoparasitoid newly imported from Asia into Africa as a classical biological control agent against the pod borer Maruca vitrata (Fabricius). The parasitoid preference for the five larval instars of M. vitrata and their influence on progeny sex ratio were assessed together with the impact of larval host age at the time of oviposition on development time, mother longevity and offspring production. In a choice situation, female parasitoids preferred to oviposit in the first three larval instars. The development of immature stages of the parasitoid was observed inside three-day-old hosts, whereby the first two larval instars of T. javanus completed their development as endoparasites and the third larval instar as ectoparasite. The development time was faster when first larval instars (two- and three-day-old) of the host caterpillars were parasitized compared to second larval instar (four-day-old). The highest proportion of daughters (0.51) was observed when females were provided with four-day-old hosts. The lowest intrinsic rate of increase ( r ) (0.21 ± 0.01), the lowest rate of increase (λ) (1.23 ± 0.01), and the lowest net reproductive rate ( Ro ) (35.93 ± 6.51) were recorded on four-day-old hosts. These results are discussed in the light of optimizing mass rearing and release strategies.
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ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-88644-3