Induced pluripotent stem cell modelling of HLHS underlines the contribution of dysfunctional NOTCH signalling to impaired cardiogenesis

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is among the most severe forms of congenital heart disease. Although the consensus view is that reduced flow through the left heart during development is a key factor in the development of the condition, the molecular mechanisms leading to hypoplasia of left he...

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Published in:	Human molecular genetics Vol. 26; no. 16; pp. 3031 - 3045
Main Authors:	Yang, Chunbo, Xu, Yaobo, Yu, Min, Lee, David, Alharti, Sameer, Hellen, Nicola, Ahmad Shaik, Noor, Banaganapalli, Babajan, Sheikh Ali Mohamoud, Hussein, Elango, Ramu, Przyborski, Stefan, Tenin, Gennadiy, Williams, Simon, O'Sullivan, John, Al-Radi, Osman O, Atta, Jameel, Harding, Sian E, Keavney, Bernard, Lako, Majlinda, Armstrong, Lyle
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Oxford University Press 15-08-2017
Subjects:	Case-Control Studies Cell Differentiation - physiology Cells, Cultured Female Fibroblasts - metabolism Humans Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome - metabolism Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome - pathology Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells - metabolism Infant, Newborn - metabolism Male Myocytes, Cardiac - metabolism Myocytes, Cardiac - pathology Myocytes, Smooth Muscle - metabolism Organogenesis Receptor, Notch1 - metabolism Signal Transduction - physiology
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Summary:	Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is among the most severe forms of congenital heart disease. Although the consensus view is that reduced flow through the left heart during development is a key factor in the development of the condition, the molecular mechanisms leading to hypoplasia of left heart structures are unknown. We have generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from five HLHS patients and two unaffected controls, differentiated these to cardiomyocytes and identified reproducible in vitro cellular and functional correlates of the HLHS phenotype. Our data indicate that HLHS-iPSC have a reduced ability to give rise to mesodermal, cardiac progenitors and mature cardiomyocytes and an enhanced ability to differentiate to smooth muscle cells. HLHS-iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes are characterised by a lower beating rate, disorganised sarcomeres and sarcoplasmic reticulum and a blunted response to isoprenaline. Whole exome sequencing of HLHS fibroblasts identified deleterious variants in NOTCH receptors and other genes involved in the NOTCH signalling pathway. Our data indicate that the expression of NOTCH receptors was significantly downregulated in HLHS-iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes alongside NOTCH target genes confirming downregulation of NOTCH signalling activity. Activation of NOTCH signalling via addition of Jagged peptide ligand during the differentiation of HLHS-iPSC restored their cardiomyocyte differentiation capacity and beating rate and suppressed the smooth muscle cell formation. Together, our data provide firm evidence for involvement of NOTCH signalling in HLHS pathogenesis, reveal novel genetic insights important for HLHS pathology and shed new insights into the role of this pathway during human cardiac development.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 RNA-seq has been submitted to GEO under accession number: GSE92447 The authors wish it to be known that, in their opinion, the first two authors should be regarded as joint First Authors'.
ISSN:	0964-6906 1460-2083
DOI:	10.1093/hmg/ddx140