Anti-MRSA and Biological Activities of Propolis Concentrations Loaded to Chitosan Nanoemulsion for Pharmaceutics Applications

Anti-MRSA and Biological Activities of Propolis Concentrations Loaded to Chitosan Nanoemulsion for Pharmaceutics Applications

Propolis is a naturally occurring substance with beneficial properties; bees produce it from various plant sources, and it is an anti-inflammatory and therapeutic resinous substance. This study aimed to enhance the biological features of propolis extract by loading it onto active film. Firstly, extr...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceutics Vol. 15; no. 10; p. 2386
Main Authors: Alarjani, Khaloud Mohammed, Yehia, Hany Mohamed, Badr, Ahmed Noah, Ali, Hatem Salma, Al-Masoud, Abdulrahman Hamad, Alhaqbani, Sarah Mubark, Alkhatib, Shahad Ahmed, Rady, Ahmed Moustafa
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel MDPI AG 26-09-2023
MDPI
Subjects:
Acids
anti-MRSA
anti-mycotoxigenic
antibacterial
Antibiotics
Antioxidants
Bacteria
Bioflavonoids
Cellulose
Drug resistance
Epidemics
Flavones
Flavonoids
Food contamination & poisoning
Fungi
Health aspects
Illnesses
Immune system
Methicillin
Microorganisms
nanoemulsion
Nanoemulsions
Nanoparticles
Nosocomial infections
Pathogens
phenolic fraction
Polyvinyl alcohol
propolis extract loading
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus infections
South Korea
Egypt
Germany
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Propolis is a naturally occurring substance with beneficial properties; bees produce it from various plant sources, and it is an anti-inflammatory and therapeutic resinous substance. This study aimed to enhance the biological features of propolis extract by loading it onto active film. Firstly, extraction was performed using three solvent systems, and their total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant activity was measured. Propolis ethanol extract (EEP) was evaluated for phenolic fraction content and then chosen to prepare a chitosan-loaded emulsion with several concentrations. The antibacterial, anti-mycotic, and anti-mycotoxigenic properties of the extract and nanoemulsion were assessed. PPE’s cytotoxicity and nanoemulsion were evaluated using brine shrimp and cell line assays. Results indicate higher phenolic (322.57 ± 4.28 mg GAE/g DW), flavonoid (257.64 ± 5.27 mg QE/g DW), and antioxidant activity of the EEP. The phenolic fraction is distinguished by 18 phenolic acids with high p-hydroxybenzoic content (171.75 ± 1.64 µg/g) and 12 flavonoid compounds with high pinocembrin and quercetin content (695.91 ± 1.76 and 532.35 ± 1.88 µg/g, respectively). Phenolic acid derivatives (3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,4-Dihydroxyphenol acetate, and di-methoxy cinnamic) are also found. Concentrations of 50, 100, 150, and 200 ng EEP loaded on chitosan nanoemulsion reflect significant antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and toxigenic fungi, particularly Fusarium. Among the four EEP-loaded concentrations, the nanoemulsion with 150 ng showed outstanding features. Using a simulated medium, 150 and 200 ng of EEP-loaded chitosan nanoemulsion concentrations can stop zearalenone production in Fusarium media with complete fungi inhibition. Also, it reduced aflatoxins production in Aspergillus media, with fungal inhibition (up to 47.18%). These results recommended the EEP-chitosan application for pharmaceutics and medical use as a comprehensive wound healing agent.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics15102386