Retinopathy of prematurity in Saudi Arabia: Exploring maternal risk factors

Retinopathy of prematurity in Saudi Arabia: Exploring maternal risk factors

PURPOSE: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a preventable blinding disorder affecting preterm infants. To date, maternal risk factors have not been studied in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to identify possible maternal risk factors for any stage and type 1 ROP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 295...

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Published in:Taiwan journal of ophthalmology Vol. 11; no. 4; pp. 359 - 366
Main Authors: Badeeb, Nooran, Raffa, Lina, AhmedHussain, Huda, Bamefleh, Dania, Mgharbil, Enas, Alessa, Sarah, Alamri, Aliaa, Albahiti, Mohamed
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: India Wolters Kluwer - Medknow Publications 01-10-2021
Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd
Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Subjects:
birth weight
Infants (Premature)
maternal
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
neonatal
Original
retinopathy of prematurity
Retrolental fibroplasia
risk factor
Risk factors
Saudi Arabia
neonatal
Birth weight
risk factor
retinopathy of prematurity
maternal
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Summary:PURPOSE: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a preventable blinding disorder affecting preterm infants. To date, maternal risk factors have not been studied in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to identify possible maternal risk factors for any stage and type 1 ROP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 295 preterm infants screened for ROP between November 2013 and December 2018 at a Saudi Arabian tertiary-care hospital were included. We included infants with a gestational age ≤ 32 weeks and/or birth weight (BW) ≤1500 g. We analyzed 28 maternal and neonatal risk factors. RESULTS: The incidence of ROP at any stage and Type 1 were 31.9% and 7%, respectively. In the univariate analysis, the only maternal factor associated with any stage of ROP was spontaneous vaginal delivery (P = 0.049), but no maternal factor was an independent risk factor for type 1 ROP. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified lower BW, lower gestational age and longer neonatal intensive care unit stay as independent risk factors for the development of ROP at any stage (P < 0.05). For Type 1 ROP, lower BW, and intraventricular hemorrhage were significant independent risk factors (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The only maternal risk factor related to ROP was spontaneous vaginal delivery, which increased the risk of any stage of ROP. The single most predictive risk factor for any stage of ROP and Type 1 ROP was low BW. These findings emphasize the role of the obstetrician in promoting health care and modifying maternal risk factors to prevent preterm births related to a low BW.
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ISSN:2211-5056
2211-5072
DOI:10.4103/tjo.tjo_72_20