Prevalence and Determinants of Obesity and Overweight Among Children and Adolescents in the Middle East and North African Countries: An Updated Systematic Review

Prevalence and Determinants of Obesity and Overweight Among Children and Adolescents in the Middle East and North African Countries: An Updated Systematic Review

In recent years, the countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region have experienced alarming increases in the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity. This updated systematic review sought to measure the prevalence and determinants of obesity and overweight among children and ad...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity Vol. 17; pp. 2095 - 2103
Main Authors: Alruwaili, Bashayer Farhan, Bayyumi, Duaa Fahad, Alruwaili, Ohud Saud, Alsadun, Razan Saud, Alanazi, Amal Sulaiman, Hadi, Amal, Alruwaili, Nada Kareem S, Thirunavukkarasu, Ashokkumar, Aldaghmani, Norah Farhan, Alrayes, Aljawharah Abdulrahman
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New Zealand Dove Medical Press Limited 31-05-2024
Dove Medical Press
Subjects:
adolescents
cdc
Child development
childhood obesity
Digital libraries
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Obesity in adolescence
Obesity in children
saudi growth pattern
screen time
Television and children
Type 2 diabetes
who
World health
Middle East
Northern Africa
Saudi Arabia
United Kingdom
Kuwait
Ontario
CDC
adolescents
Saudi growth pattern
childhood obesity
screen time
WHO
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Summary:In recent years, the countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region have experienced alarming increases in the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity. This updated systematic review sought to measure the prevalence and determinants of obesity and overweight among children and adolescents in MENA countries. A literature search for relevant observational studies published in English was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Saudi Digital Library. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Twenty-one published articles during the past five years were included in the systematic review. Varied approaches were used to diagnose childhood overweight and obesity, including the International Obesity Taskforce (IOTF), Centre for Disease Control (CDC), World Health Organization (WHO), and Saudi Growth Pattern Curves. We found that the combined prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in the Middle East is up to 49.4%, depending on the methods applied in their studies. Risk factors identified were age, male gender, lack of sufficient physical activity, consumption of fried food, perceived stress level, number of family members, family size, mother's occupation, education level, family history of obesity, high energy consumption from carbohydrates, ≥2 hours spent on watching television on weekend days with overweight, and always eating breakfast while watching television with obesity. The results of this review indicate that the issue of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity in the Middle East is substantial and concerning. Most of the risk factors identified are modifiable and, if given appropriate attention, could significantly reduce the burden of associated chronic complications.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-3
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ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:1178-7007
1178-7007
DOI:10.2147/DMSO.S458003