Outcomes of tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients in National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Objectives: To evaluate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient tracheostomy outcomes. Methods: All COVID-19 patients at the National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were retrospectively recruited. Those who had tracheostomies between April and December 2020 were included. Results: The pop...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Saudi medical journal Vol. 42; no. 11; pp. 1217 - 1222
Main Authors:	ALHumaid, Salwa, Elkrim, Mohammed A, AlOqaili, Yazeed A, AlSowailmi, Ghada A, AlObaid, Fahad A, AlSalem, Abdulaziz A, AlQabasani, Mohammed A, Arabi, Yaseen M, AlDorzi, Hasan M
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Riyadh Saudi Medical Journal 01-11-2021 Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC)
Subjects:	Clinical outcomes COVID-19 Intensive care Original Patient outcomes Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Tracheostomy Tracheotomy Saudi Arabia Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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Summary:	Objectives: To evaluate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient tracheostomy outcomes. Methods: All COVID-19 patients at the National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were retrospectively recruited. Those who had tracheostomies between April and December 2020 were included. Results: The population was 45 patients, of which 30 (66.7%) were males, 15 (33.3%) were females and the mean age was 66.76 [+ or -] 12.74 years. The tracheostomy indications were anticipated prolonged weaning in 40 (88.9%) and failed extubation in 5 (11.1%) of the patients. The mean intubation to tracheostomy duration was 20.62 [+ or -] 7.21 days. Mortalities were high, with most attributed to COVID-19. Mortality and a pre-tracheostomy C-reactive protein (CRP) uptrend were significantly related (p=0.039). Mortality and intubation to tracheostomy duration were not significantly related. The mean post-tracheostomy time to death was 10.64 [+ or -] 6.9 days. Among the survivors, 20 (44.4%) males and 11 (24.4%) females were weaned off mechanical ventilation; 9 (20%) remained on ventilation during the study. The mean ventilation weaning time was 27.92 [+ or -] 20 days. Conclusion: The high mortality rate was attributed to COVID-19. Mortality and a pre-tracheostomy CRP uptrend were significantly related; uptrend patients experienced far more mortalities than downtrend patients. Unlike previous findings, mortality and intubation to tracheostomy duration were not significantly related. Keywords: COVID-19, aerosol generating procedure, tracheostomy, prolonged intubation, personal protective equipment [phrase omitted]
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0379-5284 1658-3175
DOI:	10.15537/smj.2021.42.11.20210505