Animal rabies situation in Sultanate of Oman (2017–2019)

Animal rabies situation in Sultanate of Oman (2017–2019)

Successful preventive and control measures of zoonotic diseases require updated epidemiological data. Sylvatic rabies is endemic in Oman since 1990. Studying of the prevalence of animal rabies in Oman (2017–2019) was the goal of the current study besides the clinical–histopathological investigations...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Tropical animal health and production Vol. 52; no. 6; pp. 3069 - 3076
Main Authors: El-Neweshy, Mahmoud S., Al Mayahi, Nada, Al Mamari, Wafa, Al Rashdi, Zahra, Al Mawly, Julanda H.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01-11-2020
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Animal health
Animal species
Animals
Antibodies
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Camelus
Degeneration
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Tests, Routine - veterinary
Encephalitis
Epidemiology
Fluorescence
Fluorescent antibody test
Foxes
Goat Diseases - diagnosis
Goat Diseases - epidemiology
Goat Diseases - pathology
Goats
Histopathology
Life Sciences
Necrosis
Negri bodies
Oman - epidemiology
Prevalence
Purkinje cells
Pyramidal cells
Rabies
Rabies - diagnosis
Rabies - epidemiology
Rabies - pathology
Rabies - veterinary
Regular Articles
Ruminants
Seasons
Species
Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
Veterinary surgeons
Zoology
Zoonoses
Oman
Negri bodies
FAT
Histopathology
Epidemiology
Rabies
Oman
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Summary:Successful preventive and control measures of zoonotic diseases require updated epidemiological data. Sylvatic rabies is endemic in Oman since 1990. Studying of the prevalence of animal rabies in Oman (2017–2019) was the goal of the current study besides the clinical–histopathological investigations of rabies in different animal species. A total of 117 whole brains of different animal species from different regions of Oman were examined by fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and histopathology for rabies during 2017–2019. Sixty-four samples (54.7%) were positive for rabies by FAT. The most affected species were goat (53.1%) followed by camel (18.8%), which pose a great risk to farmers and veterinarians. Positive fox cases were (10.9%). Most confirmed cases of animal rabies were submitted from Northern regions of Oman. Rabies was reported recently in Al Wusta among wild ruminants, Central Oman. The seasonal cycle of animal rabies in Oman was year-round with the peak from December to April. The clinical signs and neuropathological findings were nearly similar in different animal species. Histopathology-positive cases had Negri bodies in pyramidal and purkinje neurons, non-suppurative encephalitis features, and neuronal degeneration and necrosis. The sensitivity and specificity of histopathological diagnosis of rabies in different animals were 76.47% and 100.00%, respectively. Finally, sylvatic rabies remains a major challenge to the public and animal health in Oman. Although of the value of histopathological diagnosis of rabies if no other technique is available, other complementary tests must be employed to confirm negative results.
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ISSN:0049-4747
1573-7438
DOI:10.1007/s11250-020-02328-0