Challenges and opportunities in the design and construction of a GIS-based emission inventory infrastructure for the Niger Delta region of Nigeria

Environmental monitoring in middle- and low-income countries is hampered by many factors which include enactment and enforcement of legislations; deficiencies in environmental data reporting and documentation; inconsistent, incomplete and unverifiable data; a lack of access to data; and technical ex...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Environmental science and pollution research international Vol. 24; no. 8; pp. 7788 - 7808
Main Authors:	Fagbeja, Mofoluso A., Hill, Jennifer L., Chatterton, Tim J., Longhurst, James W. S., Akpokodje, Joseph E., Agbaje, Ganiy I., Halilu, Shaba A.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-03-2017 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Air Pollutants - analysis Air pollution Air quality Anthropogenic factors Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Carbon dioxide Carbon Dioxide - analysis Developing countries Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Emission Emission inventories Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental legislation Environmental monitoring Environmental Monitoring - methods Environmental science Geographic Information Systems Infrastructure LDCs Low income areas Nigeria Pollutants Pollution monitoring Pollution sources Remote sensing Research Article Satellite navigation systems Uncertainty Waste Water Technology Water Management Water Pollution Control Nigeria Niger Delta ASE, Nigeria, Rivers, Niger Delta Emission inventory GIS Infrastructure Air quality Nigeria Greenhouse gases Niger Delta
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Summary:	Environmental monitoring in middle- and low-income countries is hampered by many factors which include enactment and enforcement of legislations; deficiencies in environmental data reporting and documentation; inconsistent, incomplete and unverifiable data; a lack of access to data; and technical expertise. This paper describes the processes undertaken and the major challenges encountered in the construction of the first Niger Delta Emission Inventory (NDEI) for criteria air pollutants and CO 2 released from the anthropogenic activities in the region. This study focused on using publicly available government and research data. The NDEI has been designed to provide a Geographic Information System-based component of an air quality and carbon management framework. The NDEI infrastructure was designed and constructed at 1-, 10- and 20-km grid resolutions for point, line and area sources using industry standard processes and emission factors derived from activities similar to those in the Niger Delta. Due to inadequate, incomplete, potentially inaccurate and unavailable data, the infrastructure was populated with data based on a series of best possible assumptions for key emission sources. This produces outputs with variable levels of certainty, which also highlights the critical challenges in the estimation of emissions from a developing country. However, the infrastructure is functional and has the ability to produce spatially resolved emission estimates.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0944-1344 1614-7499
DOI:	10.1007/s11356-017-8481-z