Field detection of resistance to isometamidium chloride and diminazene aceturate in Trypanosoma vivax from the region of the Boucle du Mouhoun in Burkina Faso

A longitudinal study assessed the chemoresistance to isometamidium chloride (ISM) and diminazene aceturate (DA) in the region of the Boucle du Mouhoun in Burkina Faso. A preliminary cross-sectional survey allowed the identification of the 10 villages with the highest parasitological prevalences (fro...

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Published in:	Veterinary parasitology Vol. 187; no. 1-2; pp. 105 - 111
Main Authors:	Sow, A., Sidibé, I., Bengaly, Z., Marcotty, T., Séré, M., Diallo, A., Vitouley, H.S., Nebié, R.L., Ouédraogo, M., Akoda, G.K., Van den Bossche, P., Van Den Abbeele, J., De Deken, R., Delespaux, V.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier B.V 08-06-2012
Subjects:	Animals Burkina Faso Burkina Faso - epidemiology Cattle Cross-Sectional Studies Diminazene Diminazene - analogs & derivatives Diminazene - pharmacology Diminazene - therapeutic use Drug resistance Isometamidium Longitudinal Studies Phenanthridines - pharmacology Phenanthridines - therapeutic use Trypanocidal drugs Trypanosoma Trypanosoma congolense Trypanosoma vivax Trypanosoma vivax - drug effects Trypanosomiasis, African - drug therapy Trypanosomiasis, African - epidemiology Trypanosomiasis, African - parasitology Trypanosomiasis, African - veterinary Trypanosomiasis, Bovine - drug therapy Trypanosomiasis, Bovine - epidemiology Trypanosomiasis, Bovine - parasitology Burkina Faso Diminazene Trypanosoma vivax Burkina Faso Drug resistance Trypanocidal drugs Isometamidium
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Summary:	A longitudinal study assessed the chemoresistance to isometamidium chloride (ISM) and diminazene aceturate (DA) in the region of the Boucle du Mouhoun in Burkina Faso. A preliminary cross-sectional survey allowed the identification of the 10 villages with the highest parasitological prevalences (from 2.1% to 16.1%). In each of these 10 villages, two herds of approximately 50 bovines were selected, one being treated with ISM (1mg/kg b.w.) and the other remaining untreated as control group. All animals (treated and untreated herds) becoming infected were treated with DA (3.5mg/kg b.w.). In total, 978 head of cattle were followed up. Fortnightly controls of the parasitaemia and PCV were carried out during 8 weeks. The main trypanosome species was Trypanosoma vivax (83.6%) followed by Trypanosoma congolense (16.4%). In two villages, less than 25% of the control untreated cattle became positive indicating no need to use prophylactic treatment. These two villages were not further studied. Resistance to ISM was observed in 5 of the remaining 8 villages (Débé, Bendougou, Kangotenga, Mou and Laro) where the relative risk (control/treated hazard ratios) of becoming infected was lower than 2 i.e. between 0.89 (95% CI: 0.43–2.74) and 1.75 (95% CI: 0.57–5.37). In contrast, this study did not show evidence of resistance to DA in the surveyed villages with only 8.6% (n=93) of the cattle relapsing after treatment. Our results suggest that because of the low prevalence of multiple resistances in the area a meticulous use of the sanative pair system would constitute the best option to delay as much as possible the spread of chemoresistance till complete eradication of the disease by vector control operations.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0304-4017 1873-2550
DOI:	10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.12.019