Assessment of Mental Health and Coping Disparities Among Racial and Ethnic Groups Amid COVID-19 From the “How Right Now” Campaign

Objectives: How Right Now (HRN) is an evidence-based, culturally responsive communication campaign developed to facilitate coping and resilience among US groups disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. To inform the development of this campaign, we examined patterns in emotional health,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Public health reports (1974) Vol. 138; no. 1; pp. 174 - 182
Main Authors:	Burke-Garcia, Amelia, Berktold, Jennifer, Rabinowitz, Lucy, Wagstaff, Laura, W. Thomas, Craig, Crick, Cynthia, Walsh, Michele S., Mitchell, Elizabeth W., Verlenden, Jorge M. Vallery, Puddy, Richard, Mercado, Melissa C., Xia, Kanru, Aina, Tola, Caicedo, Larisa, Nelson, BA, Pierce
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01-01-2023 SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC
Subjects:	Adaptation, Psychological Audiences Coping Coronaviruses COVID-19 Emotions Ethnic groups Ethnicity Food Hispanic people Housing Humans Mental Health Minority & ethnic groups Pandemics Panel data Personal finance Public health Racial differences Respondents Statistical analysis Subgroups United States - epidemiology Well being United States disproportionately affected populations emotional well-being COVID-19 pandemic mental health coping
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Summary:	Objectives: How Right Now (HRN) is an evidence-based, culturally responsive communication campaign developed to facilitate coping and resilience among US groups disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. To inform the development of this campaign, we examined patterns in emotional health, stress, and coping strategies among HRN’s audiences, focusing on differences among racial and ethnic groups. Methods: We used a national probability panel, AmeriSpeak, to collect survey data from HRN’s priority audience members in English and Spanish at 2 time points (May 2020 and May 2021). We conducted statistical testing to examine differences between time points for each subgroup (Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic White) and differences among subgroups at each time point. Results: We found disparities in COVID-19–related mental health challenges and differences in coping strategies. Non-Hispanic Black respondents were more likely than non-Hispanic White respondents to report challenges related to the social determinants of health, such as affording food and housing (26.4% vs 9.4% in May 2020) and experiencing personal financial loss (46.6% vs 29.2% in May 2020). In May 2021, 30.6% of Hispanic respondents reported being unable to meet basic food or housing needs versus 8.2% of non-Hispanic White respondents, and 51.6% reported personal financial loss versus 26.5% of non-Hispanic White respondents. Conclusions: Our study further illuminates what is needed to build emotional well-being pathways for people who historically have been economically and socially marginalized. Our findings underscore the need for public health interventions to provide culturally responsive mental health support to populations disproportionately affected by COVID-19 during the pandemic and into the future, with a focus on racial and ethnic disparities.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0033-3549 1468-2877
DOI:	10.1177/00333549221121667