Genetic and morphological variation of metacercariae of Microphallus piriformes (Trematoda, Microphallidae): Effects of paraxenia and geographic location

Host organism offers an environment for a parasite, and this environment is heterogenous within the host, variable among individual as well as between the hosts, and changing during the host's lifetime. This heterogeneity may act as a prerequisite for parasite species divergence. Intraspecific...

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Published in:	International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife Vol. 11; pp. 235 - 245
Main Authors:	Repkin, Egor A., Maltseva, Arina L., Varfolomeeva, Marina A., Aianka, Roman V., Mikhailova, Natalia A., Granovitch, Andrei I.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Elsevier Ltd 01-04-2020 Elsevier
Subjects:	Developmental stability Geometric morphometrics Microphallus piriformes Molecular markers Paraxenia Trematoda Molecular markers Microphallus piriformes Developmental stability Paraxenia Geometric morphometrics Trematoda
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Summary:	Host organism offers an environment for a parasite, and this environment is heterogenous within the host, variable among individual as well as between the hosts, and changing during the host's lifetime. This heterogeneity may act as a prerequisite for parasite species divergence. Intraspecific variability related to a certain type of heterogeneity may indicate an initial stage of speciation, and thus poses an evolutionary importance. Here we analyzed genetic and morphologic variation of trematode metacercariae of Microphallus piriformes (Trematoda, Microphallidae). Genetic variability of trematodes was assessed from sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and internal transcribed spacer region (ITS-1). Morphological variation of metacercarial body shape was for the first time analyzed using geometric morphometrics. Parasites from the White Sea and the Barents Sea coasts demonstrated partial genetic divergence (according to COI sequence analysis) and had significantly different body shape. Neither genetic nor morphological variation of metacercariae was related to intermediate host species. We discuss possible causes of the observed genetic divergence of parasite populations in different geographic regions. [Display omitted] •Nuclear marker proves species integrity of a trematode Microphallus piriformes.•Mitochondrial marker reveals gene flow restriction between distant populations.•The White Sea M. piriformes metacercariae have distinct body shape and size.•Morphological variation of M. piriformes metacercariae is high in the White Sea region.•Suboptimal conditions for hosts can lead to developmental instability in a parasite.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2213-2244 2213-2244
DOI:	10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.02.004