Yerba Mate ( Ilex paraguariensis ) Reduces Colitis Severity by Promoting Anti-Inflammatory Macrophage Polarization

Yerba Mate (YM) ( ) is a natural herbal supplement with a well-described anti-inflammatory capacity and beneficial effects in different inflammatory contexts such as insulin resistance or obesity. However, whether YM could improve other inflammatory conditions such as colitis or the immune cell popu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Nutrients Vol. 16; no. 11; p. 1616
Main Authors:	Olate-Briones, Alexandra, Albornoz-Muñoz, Sofía, Rodríguez-Arriaza, Francisca, Rodríguez-Vergara, Valentina, Aguirre, Juan Machuca, Liu, Chaohong, Peña-Farfal, Carlos, Escobedo, Noelia, Herrada, Andrés A
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 25-05-2024 MDPI
Subjects:	Amino acids Animals Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology Anti-inflammatory drugs Caffeine Cell Differentiation - drug effects Chromatography Colitis - chemically induced Colitis - drug therapy Colon - drug effects Colon - pathology Dextran Sulfate Disease Models, Animal DSS-induced colitis Female Females Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects Homeostasis Ilex paraguariensis - chemistry Inflammation Inflammatory bowel disease Macrophages Macrophages - drug effects Male Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Microbiota Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) Penicillin G Plant Extracts - pharmacology Ulcerative colitis Yerba Mate Chile China Argentina St Louis Missouri United States > US Uruguay Brazil Paraguay DSS-induced colitis macrophages inflammation Yerba Mate
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Summary:	Yerba Mate (YM) ( ) is a natural herbal supplement with a well-described anti-inflammatory capacity and beneficial effects in different inflammatory contexts such as insulin resistance or obesity. However, whether YM could improve other inflammatory conditions such as colitis or the immune cell population that can be modulated by this plant remains elusive. Here, by using 61 male and female C57BL/6/J wild-type ( ) mice and the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute colitis model, we evaluated the effect of YM on colitis symptoms and macrophage polarization. Our results showed that the oral administration of YM reduces colitis symptoms and improves animal survival. Increasing infiltration of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage was observed in the colon of the mice treated with YM. Accordingly, YM promoted M2 macrophage differentiation in vivo. However, the direct administration of YM to bone marrow-derived macrophages did not increase anti-inflammatory polarization, suggesting that YM, through an indirect mechanism, is able to skew the M1/M2 ratio. Moreover, YM consumption reduced the / and groups and increased the / group in the gut microbiota. In summary, we show that YM promotes an immunosuppressive environment by enhancing anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage differentiation, reducing colitis symptoms, and suggesting that YM consumption may be a good cost-effective treatment for ulcerative colitis.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:	2072-6643 2072-6643
DOI:	10.3390/nu16111616