Entrepreneurial aspirations: economic development, inequalities and cultural values

PurposeThis study aims at shedding light on entrepreneurial aspirations on both developed and developing economies, in terms of contextual and individual values. Among the former, economic development and inequalities are sought after, while among the latter national culture is the variable under st...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	European journal of innovation management Vol. 24; no. 2; pp. 553 - 571
Main Authors:	Morales-Alonso, Gustavo, Núñez Guerrero, Yilsy, Aguilera, Juan Francisco, Rodríguez-Monroy, Carlos
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Bradford Emerald Publishing Limited 18-05-2021 Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Subjects:	Artificial neural networks Behavior Cultural factors Developing countries Economic crisis Economic development Economic growth Entrepreneurs Entrepreneurship Inequalities Innovations LDCs Multilayer perceptrons Society Startups Multilayer perceptron (MLP) Institutional factors Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Hofstede cultural dimensions
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Summary:	PurposeThis study aims at shedding light on entrepreneurial aspirations on both developed and developing economies, in terms of contextual and individual values. Among the former, economic development and inequalities are sought after, while among the latter national culture is the variable under study.Design/methodology/approachThe data used are extracted from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor for a panel of countries, where the entrepreneurial aspirations of individuals of each country are measured through the Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA). The influence of cultural values as defined by Hofstede (individualism-collectivism (IDV), masculinity–femininity (MAS) and uncertainty avoidance (UAI)), moderated by the development level of the country and the existing inequalities are analyzed through artificial neural network (ANN) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) techniques.FindingsResults show that in the post-crisis era, entrepreneurial aspirations are negatively linked to individualism in developing countries. In developed countries, however, entrepreneurship is not linked to individualism but to inequalities.Originality/valueEntrepreneurial aspirations have not been thoroughly studied in the post-crisis era. We prove that entrepreneurial orientations have changed, together with the world, in the last decade. Cultural differences between countries tend to moderate, especially among developed ones, which speak of homogenization of national cultures. In this regard, inequalities are the determining factor. Contrarily, in developing countries, the differences in individualism are noticeable when it comes to analyzing entrepreneurial aspirations.
ISSN:	1460-1060 1758-7115
DOI:	10.1108/EJIM-07-2019-0206