Phytochemistry, antioxidant, anticancer, and acute toxicity of traditional medicinal food Biarum bovei (Kardeh)

The Biarum species (Kardeh) has been consumed as a traditional functional food and medicine for decades. The current study investigates the phytochemistry, in-vitro and in-vivo bioactivities of methanol extracts of B. bovei. The Gas-chromatography mass spectrophotometer (GS/GS-MS) was used to analyz...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	BMC complementary and alternative medicine Vol. 23; no. 1; p. 283
Main Authors:	Wahab, Bassam Ali Abed, Alamri, Zaenah Zuhair, Jabbar, Ahmed A J, Ibrahim, Ibrahim Abdel Aziz, Almaimani, Riyad A, Almasmoum, Hussain A, Ghaith, Mazen M, Farrash, Wesam F, Almutawif, Yahya A, Ageeli, Khalid Aidarous, Alfaifi, Soliman Mohammed, Alharthi, Rahaf Frehan
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England BioMed Central Ltd 09-08-2023 BioMed Central BMC
Subjects:	Acute toxicity Adenocarcinoma Alcohols Alternative medicine Analysis Anticancer Anticancer properties Antioxidant Antioxidants Antitumor activity Biarum bovei Biocompatibility Biological activity Cancer Carcinogenesis Carcinogens Care and treatment Cervical cancer Corms Cytotoxicity Drug dosages Fatty acids Food Free radicals Functional foods Functional foods & nutraceuticals Gas chromatography GC–MS Laboratory animals Libraries Linoleic acid Methanol Oxidative stress Palmitic acid Physiology Phytochemicals Phytochemistry Phytosterols Prostate cancer Statistical analysis Toxicity Traditional foods Tumor cell lines Unsaturated fatty acids Iraq Kurdistan Biarum bovei GC–MS Anticancer Antioxidant Phytochemistry Acute toxicity
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Summary:	The Biarum species (Kardeh) has been consumed as a traditional functional food and medicine for decades. The current study investigates the phytochemistry, in-vitro and in-vivo bioactivities of methanol extracts of B. bovei. The Gas-chromatography mass spectrophotometer (GS/GS-MS) was used to analyze the phytochemical profile of the methanol extracts of B. bovei leaves and corms. The B. bovei extracts (BBE) were also investigated for in-vitro antioxidant, anticancer, and in-vivo acute toxicity (2000 mg/kg) activities. The chemical profiling of BBE revealed mainly fatty acids, phytosterol, alcohols, and hydrocarbon compounds. Namely, Linoleic acid, eliadic acid, palmitic acid, 22,23-dihydro-stigmasterol, and campesterol. The antioxidant activity of BBE ranged between 0.24-3.85 μg TE/mL based on different assays. The extracts also exhibited significant anticancer activity against DU-145 (prostate cancer cells), MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma), and HeLa (human cervical cancer) cell lines with IC values ranging between 22.73-44.24 μg/mL. Rats fed on 2000 mg/kg dosage of BBE showed absence of any toxicological sign or serum biochemical changes. The detected phytochemicals and bioactivities of BBE scientifically backup the folkloric usage as an important source of nutraceuticals and alternative medicine for oxidative stress-related diseases and carcinogenesis inhibition.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2662-7671 2662-7671 1472-6882
DOI:	10.1186/s12906-023-04080-y