Effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum on Dysfunctional Autophagy in Rats Lungs Exposed to Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

[Display omitted] •Zinc oxide nanoparticles were able to cause pulmonary dysfunction in Wistar rats.•Bryophyllum pinnatum increased antioxidant activities and upregulated the expression of antioxidant genes.•Bryophyllum pinnatum downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in zinc oxide na...

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Published in:	International immunopharmacology Vol. 141; p. 113005
Main Authors:	Ijatuyi, Taiwo Tolulope, Lawal, Akeem Olalekan, Akinjiyan, Moses Orimoloye, Ojo, Funmilayo Mercy, Koledoye, Omowumi Funmilayo, Agboola, Olaoluwa Oladimeji, Dahunsi, Damilola Timothy, Folorunso, Ibukun Mary, Elekofehinti, Olusola Olalekan
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier B.V 15-11-2024
Subjects:	Animals Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use Antioxidant Antioxidants - pharmacology Apoptosis - drug effects Autophagy - drug effects Bryophyllum pinnatum Kalanchoe Lung - drug effects Lung - immunology Lung - pathology Lung inflammation Male Nanoparticles Oxidative stress Oxidative Stress - drug effects Plant Extracts - pharmacology Plant Leaves Pneumonia - chemically induced Pneumonia - drug therapy Pneumonia - pathology Rats Rats, Wistar Zinc Oxide - toxicity Zinc oxide nanoparticles Bryophyllum pinnatum Oxidative stress JNK Zinc oxide nanoparticles DAPK SOD Antioxidant FOXP3 BP IL-6 AP NF-κB GPxD TNF-α ERKS CAT Bcl2 Lung inflammation GSH LC3 ZONP PCR ATG5
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Summary:	[Display omitted] •Zinc oxide nanoparticles were able to cause pulmonary dysfunction in Wistar rats.•Bryophyllum pinnatum increased antioxidant activities and upregulated the expression of antioxidant genes.•Bryophyllum pinnatum downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in zinc oxide nanoparticles-induced rats.•Bryophyllum pinnatum could reverse dysfunctional autophagy in rats’ lungs as induced by zinc oxide nanoparticles. Lung inflammation as a result of exposure to toxicants is a major pathological problem. Autophagy (AP) is a process of cell self-digestion and can be disrupted by environmental toxicants, leading to oxidative stress, inflammation and cellular damage. Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken has been used in folklore medicine to manage pathological abnormalities, including inflammation, but mechanisms remain unclear. This work investigated the effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum ethanol leaf extract (BP) on dysfunctional AP in the lungs of Wistar rats exposed to zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZONPs). The experimental rats were orally administered ZONPs for seven days (10 mg/kg). Some exposed rats were post-treated with BP (62.5 and 125 mg/kg) through oral gavage. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic and autophagic parameters were assessed using biochemical assay and gene expression methods. Several indices of pulmonary damage were also evaluated. PCR analysis suggested that ZONP downregulated the expression of pro-autophagy-related genes (Beclin 2, ATG5, DAPK, and FOXP3) and upregulated the expression of the TNF-alpha, NF-Kb, LC3 and Bcl2 genes. In contrast, BP significantly (p < 0.0001) reversed ZONP-induced pulmonary toxicity and oxidative stress. It reduced MDA levels and increased SOD, CAT, GSH and GPxD activities. BP significantly (p < 0.0001) downregulated the expressions of proinflammatory genes (IL-6 and JNK) and upregulated the expressions of IL-10, CAT and SOD genes in ZONP-exposed rats. BP restored the lung’s histoarchitectural structure after ZNOP-induced distortion. The results suggested that BP has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and could effectively restore ZNOP-induced dysfunctional AP in the lungs of Wistar rats.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1567-5769 1878-1705 1878-1705
DOI:	10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113005