$Protective properties of 6-gingerol-rich fraction from Zingiber officinale (Ginger) on chlorpyrifos-induced oxidative damage and inflammation in the brain, ovary and uterus of rats$
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Protective properties of 6-gingerol-rich fraction from Zingiber officinale (Ginger) on chlorpyrifos-induced oxidative damage and inflammation in the brain, ovary and uterus of rats

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphorus pesticide widely used in agricultural applications and household environments. 6-Gingerol-rich fraction from Zingiber officinale (Ginger, 6-GRF) has been reported to possess potent anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Here, we inv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Chemico-biological interactions Vol. 270; pp. 15 - 23
Main Authors:	Abolaji, Amos O., Ojo, Mercy, Afolabi, Tosin T., Arowoogun, Mary D., Nwawolor, Darlinton, Farombi, Ebenezer O.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Ireland Elsevier B.V 25-05-2017
Subjects:	ADAM17 Protein - drug effects Animals Body Weight - drug effects Brain - drug effects Brain - pathology Catechols - therapeutic use Chlorpyrifos Chlorpyrifos - toxicity Fatty Alcohols - therapeutic use Female Female reprotoxicity Inflammation Inflammation - drug therapy Neurotoxicity Ovary - drug effects Ovary - pathology Oxidative damage Oxidative Stress - drug effects Plant Extracts - pharmacology Plant Extracts - therapeutic use Rats Rats, Wistar Uterus - drug effects Uterus - pathology Zingiber officinale Zingiber officinale - chemistry Chlorpyrifos Female reprotoxicity Neurotoxicity Inflammation Oxidative damage Zingiber officinale
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Summary:	Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphorus pesticide widely used in agricultural applications and household environments. 6-Gingerol-rich fraction from Zingiber officinale (Ginger, 6-GRF) has been reported to possess potent anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Here, we investigated the protective properties of 6-GRF on CPF-induced oxidative damage and inflammation in the brain, ovary and uterus of rats. Five groups of rats containing 14 rats/group received corn oil (control), CPF (5 mg/kg), 6-GRF (100 mg/kg), CPF (5 mg/kg) + 6-GRF (50 mg/kg) and CPF (5 mg/kg) + 6-GRF (100 mg/kg) through gavage once per day for 35 days respectively. The results showed that 6-GRF protected against CPF-induced increases in oxidative stress ((hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA)), inflammatory (myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF- α)), and apoptotic (caspase-3) markers. Also, 6-GRF improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) as well as glutathione (GSH) level in the brain, ovary and uterus of rats exposed to CPF (p < 0.05). Overall, the protective effects of 6-GRF on CPF-induced toxicity in the brain and reproductive organs of rats may be due to its potent antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties. •6-Gingerol-rich fraction (6-GRF) role on Chlorpyrifos (CPF) toxicity was studied.•6-GRF prevents CPF-induced brain, ovarian and uterine oxidative stress in rats.•6-GRF mitigates CPF-induced brain, ovarian and uterine inflammation in rats.•6-GRF suppressed caspase-3 activity in the brain and uterus of CPF-treated rats.•6-GRF alleviates CPF toxicity via anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
ISSN:	0009-2797 1872-7786
DOI:	10.1016/j.cbi.2017.03.017