Plasma and memory antibody responses to Gamma SARS-CoV-2 provide limited cross-protection to other variants

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to be a global problem in part because of the emergence of variants of concern that evade neutralization by antibodies elicited by prior infection or vaccination. Here we report on human neutralizing antibody and memory responses...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	The Journal of experimental medicine Vol. 219; no. 9
Main Authors:	Agudelo, Marianna, Muecksch, Frauke, Schaefer-Babajew, Dennis, Cho, Alice, DaSilva, Justin, Bednarski, Eva, Ramos, Victor, Oliveira, Thiago Y, Cipolla, Melissa, Gazumyan, Anna, Zong, Shuai, Rodrigues, Danielle A S, Lira, Guilherme S, Conde, Luciana, Aguiar, Renato Santana, Ferreira, Orlando C, Tanuri, Amilcar, Affonso, Katia C, Galliez, Rafael M, Castineiras, Terezinha Marta Pereira Pinto, Echevarria-Lima, Juliana, Bozza, Marcelo Torres, Vale, Andre M, Bieniasz, Paul D, Hatziioannou, Theodora, Nussenzweig, Michel C
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Rockefeller University Press 05-09-2022
Subjects:	Antibodies, Neutralizing Antibodies, Viral Antibody Formation COVID-19 Humans Infectious Disease and Host Defense Membrane Glycoproteins - metabolism Neutralization Tests SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus Viral Envelope Proteins
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Summary:	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to be a global problem in part because of the emergence of variants of concern that evade neutralization by antibodies elicited by prior infection or vaccination. Here we report on human neutralizing antibody and memory responses to the Gamma variant in a cohort of hospitalized individuals. Plasma from infected individuals potently neutralized viruses pseudotyped with Gamma SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, but neutralizing activity against Wuhan-Hu-1-1, Beta, Delta, or Omicron was significantly lower. Monoclonal antibodies from memory B cells also neutralized Gamma and Beta pseudoviruses more effectively than Wuhan-Hu-1. 69% and 34% of Gamma-neutralizing antibodies failed to neutralize Delta or Wuhan-Hu-1. Although Class 1 and 2 antibodies dominate the response to Wuhan-Hu-1 or Beta, 54% of antibodies elicited by Gamma infection recognized Class 3 epitopes. The results have implications for variant-specific vaccines and infections, suggesting that exposure to variants generally provides more limited protection to other variants.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Disclosures: P.D. Bieniasz reports grants from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases during the conduct of the study and personal fees from Pfizer outside the submitted work. M.C. Nussenzweig is a scientific advisory board member for Celldex Therapeutics, Walking Fish, Frontier Bio, and Aerium Therapeutics. No other disclosures were reported.
ISSN:	0022-1007 1540-9538
DOI:	10.1084/jem.20220367