Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease with ectopic unilateral multicystic kidney: a case report

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common hereditary renal disorder and the fourth cause of death of end-stage renal disease. The disease has a prevalence of 1:400-1:1000 accounting for 10% of patients on dialysis. In most ADPKD patients, bilateral kidneys are similarly...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of medical case reports Vol. 18; no. 1; p. 10
Main Authors:	Amoah, Yaw, Kyei, Mathew Yamoah, Mensah, James Edward, Palm, Bridget, Adrah, Henry Kwasi, Asiedu, Isaac
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England BioMed Central Ltd 09-01-2024 BioMed Central BMC
Subjects:	Abdomen Analgesics Antihypertensives Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease Case Report Case reports Cellular biology Centrifuges Chromosomes Chronic kidney failure Cysts Diagnostic imaging Ectopic kidney Flank Pain - etiology Genetic aspects Genetic testing Ghana Hematuria Hemodialysis Humans Hyperplasia Hypertension Kidney cancer Kidney diseases Kidney transplants Male Medical imaging Middle Aged Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney - complications Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney - diagnostic imaging Mutation Nephrology Pain Patients Pelvis Polycystic kidney disease Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant - complications Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant - diagnostic imaging Renal function Ultrasonic imaging Urinary tract diseases Urinary tract infections Urogenital system Ghana Ectopic kidney Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease Renal function
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Summary:	Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common hereditary renal disorder and the fourth cause of death of end-stage renal disease. The disease has a prevalence of 1:400-1:1000 accounting for 10% of patients on dialysis. In most ADPKD patients, bilateral kidneys are similarly affected, with numerous fluid-filled cysts arising from different nephron segments. Only a few cases of ADPKD with ectopic unilateral multicystic kidney have been reported. It has been observed that the deterioration of their kidney function seemed to be quicker than their age- and sex-matched controls and siblings especially when the ectopic kidney is dysplastic. We report a case of a 46-year-old Ghanaian male patient who presented with left flank pain and hematuria with high BP and deranged renal function. Abdominal ultrasonography showed both kidneys to be larger than normal and had multiple cysts of varying sizes with the right kidney located in the right iliac fossa. Follow up Abdominopelvic computer tomographic scan (CT-Scan) without contrast showed enlarged kidneys with the renal parenchyma replaced by innumerable cyst of varying sizes. The right kidney was ectopically located in the right aspect of the pelvis. A diagnosis of ADPKD with right pelvic ectopic multicystic kidney was made. He was put on antihypertensives, analgesia for the left flank pain and to have follow up at the urology and nephrology departments. In most ADPKD patients, bilateral kidneys are similarly affected. Only a few cases of ADPKD with ectopic unilateral multicystic kidney have been reported. It has been observed that the deterioration of their kidney function seemed to be quicker than their age- and sex-matched controls and siblings especially when the ectopic kidney is dysplastic.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Case Study-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-4 content type line 23 ObjectType-Report-1 ObjectType-Article-3
ISSN:	1752-1947 1752-1947
DOI:	10.1186/s13256-023-04305-1