Varietal differences of quinoa's tolerance to saline conditions

Aims This study aimed to assess varietal differences of quinoa's tolerance to salinity and to investigate physiological mechanisms conferring these differences. Methods Production of biomass in fourteen varieties grown under saline conditions was analysed in a pot experiment. For two contrastin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Plant and soil Vol. 357; no. 1-2; pp. 117 - 129
Main Authors:	Adolf, Verena I., Shabala, Sergey, Andersen, Mathias N., Razzaghi, Fatemeh, Jacobsen, Sven-Erik
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Dordrecht Springer 01-08-2012 Springer Netherlands Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Animal, plant and microbial ecology Biological and medical sciences Biomass Biomass production Biomedical and Life Sciences Boundaries Carbon dioxide Chlorophyll Chlorophylls Conductance Crops Ecology Fluorescence Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gas exchange General agronomy. Plant production Hydrogen Ions Leaves Life Sciences Parenchyma Photochemicals Photosynthesis Photosystem II Physiological aspects Phytochemistry Plant Physiology Plant Sciences Plants Potassium Quinoa Regular Article Roots Salinity Salinity effects Salt tolerance Salts SAP protein Seeds Sodium chloride Soil Soil salinity Soil Science & Conservation Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments Stomata Stomatal conductance Xylem Peru Bolivia, Altiplano Chlorophyll Sodium Abiotic stress Stomatal conductance Ion uptake Photosynthesis Potassium Environmental factor Cereal crop Abiotic factor Absorption Dicotyledones Angiospermae Conductance (fluid) Intraspecific comparison Chenopodium quinoa Tolerance Ions Starch crop Alkali metal Physical properties Chenopodiaceae Salinity Photosynthetic pigment Spermatophyta Soil plant relation
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Summary:	Aims This study aimed to assess varietal differences of quinoa's tolerance to salinity and to investigate physiological mechanisms conferring these differences. Methods Production of biomass in fourteen varieties grown under saline conditions was analysed in a pot experiment. For two contrasting varieties, the Danish variety Titicaca and the Bolivian variety Utusaya gas exchange, chlorophyll content index (CCI), fluorescence and ion relations were studied. Results Responses to salinity differed greatly among the varieties; least affected were two varieties from the Bolivian altiplano and a variety from Peru. Titicaca and Utuusaya both had substantially increased K+ concentrations in the leaf sap. But, Utusaya was much more efficient in restricting xylem Na+ loading. Xylem Na+ and K+ loading were found to be uncoupled. Utusaya maintained a relatively high stomatal conductance resulting in an only 25% NaCl-induced reduction in net CO2 assimilation compared to a 67% reduction in salt treated Titicaca plants. Maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII was not affected by salinity. Conclusion In addition to maintaining high gas exchange, tolerant varieties better control xylem Na+ loading. To what extent this control is related to radial root Na+ uptake or to the activity of Na+/H+-exchangers at the xylem parenchyma boundary remains to be studied.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0032-079X 1573-5036
DOI:	10.1007/s11104-012-1133-7