Synovial fluid macrophages are capable of osteoclast formation and resorption

To determine whether synovial fluid (SF) macrophages isolated from the SF of osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and pyrophosphate arthropathy (PPA) joints are capable of osteoclast formation, and to investigate the cellular and humoral factors required for this to occur, SF macrophages (...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	The Journal of pathology Vol. 208; no. 1; pp. 35 - 43
Main Authors:	Adamopoulos, IE, Sabokbar, A, Wordsworth, BP, Carr, A, Ferguson, DJ, Athanasou, NA
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 01-01-2006 Wiley
Subjects:	Aged Arthritis, Rheumatoid - immunology Arthritis, Rheumatoid - physiopathology Biological and medical sciences Bone Resorption - immunology Bone Resorption - physiopathology Carrier Proteins - immunology Carrier Proteins - physiology Cell Differentiation - immunology Cell Differentiation - physiology Cells, Cultured Chondrocalcinosis - immunology Chondrocalcinosis - physiopathology Diseases of the osteoarticular system Female Humans Interleukin-1 - immunology Interleukin-1 - physiology Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects) Knee Joint - immunology Knee Joint - physiopathology Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - immunology macrophages Macrophages - immunology Macrophages - physiology Male Medical sciences Membrane Glycoproteins - immunology Membrane Glycoproteins - physiology Middle Aged Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis, Knee - immunology Osteoarthritis, Knee - physiopathology osteoclasts Osteoclasts - immunology Osteoclasts - physiology Osteogenesis - immunology Osteogenesis - physiology Pathology. Cytology. Biochemistry. Spectrometry. Miscellaneous investigative techniques Phenotype pyrophosphate RANK Ligand Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid Synovial Fluid - immunology Synovial Fluid - physiology Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - immunology Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - physiology Diseases of the osteoarticular system Resorption pyrophosphate Autoimmune disease Inflammatory joint disease Osteoclast Osteoarticular system Synovial fluid Anatomic pathology Chronic macrophages Rheumatoid arthritis osteoclasts Arthropathy Degenerative disease Bone Osteoarthritis Macrophage
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Summary:	To determine whether synovial fluid (SF) macrophages isolated from the SF of osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and pyrophosphate arthropathy (PPA) joints are capable of osteoclast formation, and to investigate the cellular and humoral factors required for this to occur, SF macrophages (CD14+) were isolated from the knee joint SF from patients with OA, RA and PPA and cultured for up to 14 days with macrophage‐colony stimulating factor (M‐CSF) and soluble receptor activator for nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL) or tumour‐necrosis factor‐α (TNFα) and interleukin‐1α (IL‐1α). Osteoclast differentiation was assessed by expression of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and vitronectin receptor (VNR), F‐actin ring formation and lacunar resorption. Osteoclast formation and lacunar resorption was seen in RANKL‐treated cultures of SF macrophages isolated from OA, RA and PPA joints with the largest amount of resorption noted in RA and PPA SF macrophage cultures. In TNFα/IL‐1α‐treated RA and PPA SF macrophage cultures, osteoclasts capable of lacunar resorption were also formed. Lacunar resorption was more extensive in RANKL than TNFα/IL‐1α‐treated cultures. These findings indicate that SF macrophages are capable of differentiating into mature osteoclasts capable of lacunar resorption. M‐CSF in combination with RANKL or TNFα/IL‐1α was required for osteoclast formation. As inflammatory synovial fluids contain an increase in the number of macrophages and an increase in the amounts of RANKL, TNFα and IL‐1α, these findings suggest that one means whereby bone erosions may form in rheumatoid or crystal arthritis is by differentiation of synovial fluid macrophages into osteoclasts. Copyright © 2005 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bibliography:	ark:/67375/WNG-NQ34VVZM-L istex:2A391F768D8A56A0353C25F271260591E8335EC3 Research into Ageing, UK The Rosetrees Trust, UK ArticleID:PATH1891 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0022-3417 1096-9896
DOI:	10.1002/path.1891