Preparation and Safety Evaluation of Topical Simvastatin Loaded NLCs for Vitiligo
Results: Dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry techniques proved the formation of a stable formulation containing spherical particles with nanoscale size. CD8+ T cells produce interferon gamma (IFNy), which is a cytokine destroying the melan...
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| Published in: | Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 104 - 110 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Tabriz
Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
01-01-2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Summary: | Results: Dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry techniques proved the formation of a stable formulation containing spherical particles with nanoscale size. CD8+ T cells produce interferon gamma (IFNy), which is a cytokine destroying the melanocytes.6 Recent work analyzing IFNy signaling suggests that ligation of IFNy receptors leads to activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and eventually transcription of IFNy-induced gene.5,6 A recent study showed cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4+) T cell played an important role in vitiligo pathogenesis. Cytokines secreted by T Helper cell type 1(Th1) (TNF-a) and T helper cell type 17 (Th17) (interleukin-17 (IL-17), interleukin-22 (IL-22)) are responsible in duration and maintenance of the disease.7 Simvastatin is a white, crystalline and poorly water-soluble powder.8 It has beneficial effects on hypercholesterolemia.6,9 It acts by inhibiting the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A (HMG Co-A) reductase.10 This enzyme catalyzes the biosynthesis of cholesterol.8 The immunosuppressive effect of statins was first observed in 1990 when Pravastatin was reported to reduce heart transplant rejection.11 Simvastatin mechanism of action is T cell inactivation by exclusively direct inhibition of IFNy signaling. [...]it has a good immunosuppressive action in some diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.12 There is some evidence that it can be used as an immune-modulator in preventing and reversing the depigmentation of vitiligo lesions in mouse model owing to the inhibitory effects of simvastatin on STAT1.5 Therefore, there have been suggestions that it can be used as a treatment in vitiligo patients. NLCs are new effective drug-delivery systems and have been introduced as an alternative carrier to such other colloidal systems as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles and nanoemulsions.13 The use of NLC is a prominent advance, since the solid matrix of the lipids presents high flexibility in controlling the drug release, protects the encapsulated drugs from degradation, enhances the drug penetration into the skin, increases the loading capacity of active compounds, and minimizes the expulsion of active ingredients during storage.14-17 NLCs are usually composed of biodegradable and biocompatible lipids as core coated with safe surfactants as the external shell.18 The aim of this study is to fabricate and assess the physico-chemical characteristics and the safety of simNLCs to use them topically on vitiligo lesions. |
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| ISSN: | 2228-5881 2251-7308 |
| DOI: | 10.34172/apb.2021.011 |