Compounds with Anti-Alzheimer Activity Isolated for the First Time from Melaleuca leucodendron (L.) Leaves

To discover a drug from natural triterpenes that has no side effects and is effective in treating Alzheimer's disease. We predict that the drug will be put on the market soon and achieve success. The methanolic extract of leaves was fractionated and subjected to different chromatographic techni...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Current pharmaceutical biotechnology Vol. 24; no. 14; p. 1836
Main Authors:	Abdel Elkarim, Asmaa S, Ahmed, Amal H, ELsayed, Wael M
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands 01-01-2023
Subjects:	Acetylcholinesterase Butyrylcholinesterase - analysis Glycosides - pharmacology Melaleuca Molecular Structure Plant Extracts - chemistry Plant Leaves - chemistry Triterpenes - chemistry flavonoids triterben glycosides cholinesterase Alzheimer's disease acetylcholinesterase (AChE) M. leucodendron
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Summary:	To discover a drug from natural triterpenes that has no side effects and is effective in treating Alzheimer's disease. We predict that the drug will be put on the market soon and achieve success. The methanolic extract of leaves was fractionated and subjected to different chromatographic techniques to isolate two new triterpene glycosides alongside five known compounds kaempferol 3, quercetin 4, quercetin3- -D-glucopyranoside 5, kaempferol3- D-glucopyranoside 6 and kaempferol3- -L-rhamnoside 7. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and chemical means. Two new triterpene glycosides, 21- -L-rhamnopyranosyl-olean-12-ene-3- -[α-Lrhamnopyranosyl (1-4) -D-galactopyranosyl (1-4) -D-glucouronopyranoside]1 and 21- -Lrhamnopyranosyl- olean-12-ene-3 -[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→4) -D-galactopyra-nosyl (1→4) -D-galactopyranoside] 2, were isolated for the first time from 70% aqueous methanolic extract (AME) of leaves. The inhibitory activities of the said compounds toward acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were then assayed. Both compounds exhibited significant inhibitory activities toward the two enzymes, and evidence indicated that compound 2 was a more effective inhibitor than compound 1. Compounds 1 and 2 have a significant role in inhibiting the enzymes acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase.
ISSN:	1873-4316
DOI:	10.2174/1389201024666230331083751