HIV-2 does not protect against HIV-1 infection in a rural community in Guinea-Bissau

To examine the putative protective effect of HIV-2 infection against subsequent HIV-1 infection. Retrospective analysis of data from two cross-sectional surveys in the same community. Two surveys between 1989 and 1998 in a rural area in northwestern Guinea-Bissau provided data from residents aged 15...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	AIDS (London) Vol. 15; no. 17; pp. 2303 - 2310
Main Authors:	VAN DER LOEFF, Maarten F, AABY, Peter, WHITTLE, Hilton C, ARYIOSHI, Koya, VINCENT, Timothy, AKUM AVEIKA AWASANA, DA COSTA, Carlos, PEMBREY, Lucy, DIAS, Francisco, HARDING, Elizabeth, WEISS, Helen A
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Hagerstown, MD Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 23-11-2001
Subjects:	Adolescent Adult AIDS/HIV Biological and medical sciences Cross-Sectional Studies Female Guinea-Bissau - epidemiology HIV Infections - epidemiology HIV Infections - virology HIV-1 - genetics HIV-1 - physiology HIV-2 - genetics HIV-2 - physiology Human viral diseases Humans Incidence Infectious diseases Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Retrospective Studies Rural Population Tropical medicine Viral diseases Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids Guinea-Bissau Africa Human Immunopathology Rural environment HIV-1 virus Cross protection Retroviridae AIDS Immune deficiency Lentivirus Epidemiology Incidence HIV-2 virus Infection Virus Viral disease Cross immunity Human immunodeficiency virus
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Summary:	To examine the putative protective effect of HIV-2 infection against subsequent HIV-1 infection. Retrospective analysis of data from two cross-sectional surveys in the same community. Two surveys between 1989 and 1998 in a rural area in northwestern Guinea-Bissau provided data from residents aged 15-59 years. HIV testing was done in the first survey. In the second survey, tests were made for both HIV and syphilis, and data on sociodemographic factors and sexual behaviour, including commercial sex work, were gathered. Qualitative polymerase chain reaction amplification of HIV-1 and HIV-2 viral DNA was performed on serologically dually reactive samples. Of the 2276 eligible adult villagers initially tested, 60% (1360) provided a second sample. Of 110 HIV-2-infected subjects, 17 became additionally infected with HIV-1 [incidence rate (IR), 26.3/1000 person-years observation]. Of the 1250 HIV-seronegative subjects, 24 became infected with HIV-1 (IR, 2.8/1000 person-years observation). The incidence rate ratio (IRR), comparing the incidence rate in HIV-2-infected people with the rate in HIV-seronegative subjects, was > 1 in all three "risk groups": men, female commercial sex workers, and other women. The overall estimate of the IRR, adjusted for age group and risk group, was 3.24 (confidence interval, 1.5-7.1). There was no protective effect of HIV-2 in this population. HIV-2 cannot be regarded as a vaccine, but, instead, may be a risk factor for HIV-1 infection.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2
ISSN:	0269-9370 1473-5571
DOI:	10.1097/00002030-200111230-00012