Impact of Vitamin D Status and Nutrition on the Occurrence of Long Bone Fractures Due to Falls in Elderly Subjects in the Vojvodina Region of Serbia

Bone fractures are a significant public health issue among elderly subjects. This study examines the impact of diet and vitamin D status on the risk of long bone fractures due to falls in elderly subjects in Vojvodina, Serbia. Conducted at the University Clinical Center of Vojvodina in autumn/winter...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Nutrients Vol. 16; no. 16; p. 2702
Main Authors:	Gvozdenović, Nemanja, Šarac, Ivana, Ćorić, Andrijana, Karan, Saša, Nikolić, Stanislava, Ždrale, Isidora, Milešević, Jelena
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 14-08-2024 MDPI
Subjects:	Accidental Falls - prevention & control Accidental Falls - statistics & numerical data Age Aged Aged, 80 and over Autumn Body mass index Bone surgery Bones Consent Diet Dietary minerals elderly population Female Females fracture Fractures Fractures, Bone - epidemiology Fractures, Bone - etiology frailty Hip joint Humans Lifestyles Male Malnutrition Mortality Nutrition research Nutritional Status Older people Orthopedics Osteoporosis Proteins Risk Factors Serbia - epidemiology Trauma Vitamin D Vitamin D - administration & dosage Vitamin D - blood Vitamin D Deficiency - blood Vitamin D Deficiency - complications Vitamin D Deficiency - epidemiology Vitamin deficiency Serbia elderly population frailty diet vitamin D fracture
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Summary:	Bone fractures are a significant public health issue among elderly subjects. This study examines the impact of diet and vitamin D status on the risk of long bone fractures due to falls in elderly subjects in Vojvodina, Serbia. Conducted at the University Clinical Center of Vojvodina in autumn/winter 2022-2023, the study included 210 subjects >65 years: 105 (F: 80/M: 15) with long bone fractures due to falls and 105 (F: 80/M: 15) controls. Groups were similar regarding age and BMI. Dietary intakes (by two 24-h recalls) and serum vitamin D levels were analyzed. The fracture group had a significantly lower median daily vitamin D intake (1.4 μg/day vs. 5.8 μg/day), intake of calcium, energy, proteins, fats, fibers, dairy products, eggs, fish, edible fats/oils, and a higher intake of sweets ( < 0.001 for all). Serum vitamin D levels were significantly lower in the fracture group (40.0 nmol/L vs. 76.0 nmol/L, < 0.001). Logistic regression identified serum vitamin D as the most important protective factor against fractures, and ROC curve analysis indicated that serum vitamin D levels > 50.5 nmol/L decreased fracture risk. Nutritional improvements (increased intake of vitamin D and protein sources such as fish, eggs, and dairy), increased sun exposure, and routine vitamin D supplementation during winter are advised.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2072-6643 2072-6643
DOI:	10.3390/nu16162702