Revisiting Latex-Fruit Syndrome after 30 Years of Research: A Comprehensive Literature Review and Description of Two Cases

Revisiting Latex-Fruit Syndrome after 30 Years of Research: A Comprehensive Literature Review and Description of Two Cases

Thirty years have passed since the concept of latex-fruit syndrome (LFS) was first introduced. Since then, this phenomenon, characterized by cross-reactivity between natural latex rubber allergens and certain fruit allergens, has been extensively studied. This literature review sought to determine t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of clinical medicine Vol. 13; no. 14; p. 4222
Main Authors: Gromek, Weronika, Kołdej, Natalia, Świtała, Szymon, Majsiak, Emilia, Kurowski, Marcin
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 19-07-2024
Subjects:
Allergens
Anaphylaxis
Epidemiology
Fruits
Latex allergies
Literature reviews
Medical personnel
Pathogenesis
Proteins
Rubber
Spina bifida
fruit allergy
cross-reactivity
latex-fruit syndrome
latex allergy
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Summary:Thirty years have passed since the concept of latex-fruit syndrome (LFS) was first introduced. Since then, this phenomenon, characterized by cross-reactivity between natural latex rubber allergens and certain fruit allergens, has been extensively studied. This literature review sought to determine the prevalence of LFS in latex-allergic patients, identify the most common cross-reactions with fruit allergens in individuals with LFS, and understand the clinical manifestations of this syndrome. An extensive literature search was carried out using PubMed and Scopus databases, while applying the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis methodology. The analysis of original studies revealed a wide variation in LFS prevalence (4-88%) influenced by diverse diagnostic tools, different geographical regions, and the size of study populations. Our findings indicate that the most prevalent allergenic fruits in patients with LFS are banana, avocado, kiwifruit, and papaya. After evaluating the symptoms of the fruit hypersensitivity of patients with LFS, the clinical manifestation of hypersensitivity constituted 73% of systemic allergy symptoms and only 27% of reported symptoms described the localized allergy. Furthermore, the clinical picture of latex-fruit syndrome is illustrated through two cases, one typical and one with an unusual presentation. Their clinical features were assessed and contrasted utilizing different anaphylaxis severity grading criteria. To properly manage LFS, it is essential to establish standardized diagnostic criteria and severity grading systems, as these are crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.
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ISSN:2077-0383
2077-0383
DOI:10.3390/jcm13144222