The effect of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity on survival in gastric cancer

The effect of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity on survival in gastric cancer

Background Sarcopenic obesity arises from increased muscle catabolism triggered by inflammation and inactivity. Its significance lies in its role in contributing to morbidity and mortality in gastric cancer. This study aims to explore the potential correlation between sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC cancer Vol. 23; no. 1; pp. 1 - 911
Main Authors: Åahin, Muzaffer Ece Hakan, AkbaÅ, Feray, Yardimci, Aytul Hande, Åahin, Eren
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London BioMed Central Ltd 28-09-2023
BioMed Central
BMC
Subjects:
Abdomen
Analysis
Body mass index
Cancer
Cancer patients
Care and treatment
Chemotherapy
Classification
Comorbidity
Complications and side effects
Computed tomography
Computerized tomography
CT imaging
Demographic aspects
Development and progression
Diagnosis
Event history analysis
Gastric cancer
Gastrointestinal surgery
Inflammation
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical imaging
Medical prognosis
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Methods
Morbidity
Mortality
Muscles
Musculoskeletal system
Obesity
Overweight
Patients
Radiation therapy
Sarcopenia
Sarcopenic obesity,Skeletal muscle index
Skeletal muscle
Stomach cancer
Survival
Tumors
Vertebrae
Turkey
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Summary:Background Sarcopenic obesity arises from increased muscle catabolism triggered by inflammation and inactivity. Its significance lies in its role in contributing to morbidity and mortality in gastric cancer. This study aims to explore the potential correlation between sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and gastric cancer, as well as their effect on survival. Materials and methods This retrospective study included 162 patients aged [greater than or equal to] 18 years who were diagnosed with stomach cancer. Patient age, gender, diagnostic laboratory results, and cancer characteristics were documented. Sarcopenia was assessed using the skeletal muscle index (SMI) (cm2/m2), calculated by measuring muscle mass area from a cross-sectional image at the L3 vertebra level of computed tomography (CT). Results Among the 162 patients, 52.5% exhibited sarcopenia (with cut-off limits of 52.4 cm2/m2 for males and 38.5 cm2/m2 for females), and 4.9% showed sarcopenic obesity. Average skeletal muscle area (SMA) was 146.8 cm2; SMI was 50.6 cm2/m2 in men and 96.9 cm2 and 40.6 cm2/m2 in women, respectively. Sarcopenia significantly reduced mean survival (p = 0.033). There was no association between sarcopenic obesity and mortality (p > 0.05), but mortality was higher in sarcopenic obesity patients (p = 0.041). Patient weight acted as a protective factor against mortality, supporting the obesity paradox. Tumor characteristics, metabolic parameters, and concurrent comorbidities did not significantly impact sarcopenia or mortality. Conclusion Sarcopenia is more prevalent in the elderly population and is linked to increased mortality in gastric cancer patients. Paradoxically, higher body mass index (BMI) was associated with improved survival. Computed tomography offers a practical and reliable method for measuring muscle mass and distinguishing these distinctions. Trial registration This study was approved by Istanbul Training and Research Hospital Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the University of Health Sciences (29.05.2020/2383). Keywords: Body mass index, Computerized tomography, Gastric cancer, Obesity, Sarcopenia, Sarcopenic obesity,Skeletal muscle index
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ISSN:1471-2407
1471-2407
DOI:10.1186/s12885-023-11423-y